Ian Stewart's describes the history of magic squares in his January 1997 "Scientific American" article "Mathematical Recreations: Alphamagic Squares", citing Dürer's engraving of Melencolia I
And zooming in on the upper right hand corner to show the magic square:
Since the original SciAm article is now behind a firewall, Science Frontiers ONLINE No. 110: Mar-Apr 1997 goes into detail about logic of the "logorithm" of alphamagic squares.
A German alphamagic square from p 108 of SciAm article in homage to Albrecht Dürer:
fünfundvierzig | zweiundsechzig | achtundfünfzig | ||
(45,14) | (62,14) | (58,14) | ||
achtundsechzig | fünfundfünfzig | zweiundvierzig | ||
(68,14) | (55,14) | (42,14) | ||
zweiundfünfzig | achtundvierzig | fünfundsechzig | ||
(52,14) | (48,14) | (65,14) | ||
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